CNC Machining Definition
Umatshini wolawulo lwamanani ubhekisa kwindlela yenkqubo yokucwangcisa iinxalenye kwisixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Imimiselo yenkqubo yokulungiswa kwesixhobo somatshini we-CNC kunye nokulungiswa kwesixhobo somatshini ngokuqhelekileyo kuyahambelana, kodwa utshintsho olubalulekileyo luye lwenzeka. Indlela yomatshini esebenzisa ulwazi lwedijithali ukulawula ukufuduswa kwamalungu kunye nezixhobo. Yindlela esebenzayo yokusombulula iingxaki zamalungu aguquguqukayo, iibhetshi ezincinci, iimilo ezintsonkothileyo, kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu, kunye nokufezekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza okuzenzekelayo.
Itekhnoloji yolawulo lwamanani yavela kwiimfuno zeshishini lokubhabha. Ngasekupheleni kwee-1940, inkampani yehelikopta e-United States yabeka phambili umbono wokuqala wesixhobo somatshini we-CNC. Ngo-1952, iMassachusetts Institute of Technology yavelisa umatshini wokungqusha we-CNC one-axis emithathu. Olu hlobo lomatshini wokungqusha lwe-CNC lusetyenziselwe ukulungisa iindawo zenqwelomoya phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-1950. Ngeminyaka yoo-1960, iinkqubo zolawulo lwamanani kunye nomsebenzi wokucwangcisa ziye zakhula kwaye zagqibelela. Izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC zisetyenzisiwe kumacandelo ahlukeneyo amashishini, kodwa imboni ye-aerospace ibisoloko ingumsebenzisi omkhulu wezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC. Ezinye iifektri ezinkulu zenqwelomoya zixhotyiswe ngamakhulu ezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC, apho oomatshini bokusika ngabona baphambili. Amacandelo omatshini e-CNC abandakanya iiphaneli zodonga ezidityanisiweyo, imiqadi, izikhumba, iintloko ezinkulu, iipropeller, kunye neecasing ze-injini ye-aero, iishafti, iidisks, iiblades, kunye neendawo ezikhethekileyo zomkrozo wamagumbi okutsha einjini yolwelo.
Inqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso lwezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC lusekelwe kwi-trajectory eqhubekayo yezixhobo zomatshini we-CNC. Ulawulo oluqhubekayo lwe-trajectory lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-contour control, efuna isixhobo sokuhamba kwindlela emiselweyo malunga nenxalenye. Kamva, siya kuphuhlisa ngamandla izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC. Ulawulo lwamanqaku luthetha ukuba isixhobo sihamba ukusuka kwelinye ukuya kwelinye, ngokude nje sinokufikelela kwithagethi ngokuchanekileyo ekupheleni, kungakhathaliseki indlela ehamba ngayo.
Izixhobo zomatshini we-CNC zikhetha iindawo zenqwelomoya ezineeprofayili eziyinkimbinkimbi njengezinto zokulungisa kwasekuqaleni, eyona nto iphambili ekusombululeni ubunzima beendlela eziqhelekileyo zokucubungula. Olona phawu lubalaseleyo lwe-CNC machining kukusetyenziswa kwetape ephothiweyo (okanye iteyiphu) ukulawula isixhobo somatshini wokwenza ngokuzenzekelayo. Ngenxa yokuba iinqwelo-moya, imijukujelwa kunye namalungu e-injini aneempawu ezahlukahlukeneyo: iinqwelo-moya nemijukujelwa zineenxalenye ezingathi ziro, ubukhulu benxalenye yazo yaye zinemilo entsonkothileyo; I-injini engu-zero, ubungakanani becandelo elincinci, kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu.
Ngoko ke, izixhobo zomatshini ze-CNC ezikhethwe yi-aircraft kunye namasebe okuvelisa i-rocket kunye namasebe okuvelisa injini ahlukile. Kwimizila yeenqwelomoya kunye nerokethi, oomatshini abakhulu bokungqusha be-CNC abanolawulo oluqhubekayo basetyenziswa ikakhulu, ngelixa kwimveliso yeenjini, zombini izixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC eziqhubekayo kunye nolawulo lwezixhobo zoomatshini be-CNC (ezifana noomatshini bokomba be-CNC, oomatshini bokudinwa be-CNC, umatshini wokucoca. amaziko, njalo njalo) asetyenziswa.