Iimpawu zeMilling Cutters
Xa ujongene nezinto ezinzima-kumatshini ezifana ne-Hastelloy, i-waspaloy, i-Inconel kunye ne-Kovar, ulwazi lomatshini kunye namava kubaluleke kakhulu. Okwangoku, kukho izicelo ezininzi ze-nickel-based alloys, ezisetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iindawo ezibalulekileyo kwi-aerospace, amashishini ezonyango kunye neekhemikhali. Ezi zixhobo zinamandla amakhulu, ukumelana nokukhula, kwaye ziyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu. Ezinye izinto ezikhethekileyo zongezwa kwezi zinto zingasentla ukufumana ukusebenza okuphezulu. Kwelinye icala, nangona kunjalo, ezi zixhobo zikwanzima kakhulu ukuzigaya.
Siyazi ukuba i-nickel kunye nechromium zezona zongezo ziphambili kwi-nickel-based alloys. Ukongeza i-nickel kunokunyusa ukuqina kwezinto, ukongeza i-chromium kunokuphucula ubunzima bezinto eziphathekayo, kunye nokulinganisela kwamanye amacandelo angasetyenziselwa ukuqikelela ukunxiba kwesixhobo. Ezinye izinto ezongeziweyo kwizinto eziphathekayo zingabandakanya: i-silicon, i-manganese, i-molybdenum, i-tantalum, i-tungsten, njl. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba i-tantalum kunye ne-tungsten nazo ziyinxalenye ephambili esetyenziselwa ukwenza i-carbide ene-cemented, enokuphucula ngokufanelekileyo ukusebenza kwe-carbide ene-cemented , kodwa ukongezwa kwezi zinto kwizinto zokusebenza kwenza kube nzima ukugaya, phantse njengokusika esinye isixhobo se-carbide kunye nesinye.
Kutheni le nto abasiki bokungqusha besika ezinye iimathiriyeli bephuka ngokukhawuleza xa kusila i-nickel-based alloys? Kubalulekile ukuyiqonda le nto. Ukucoca i-alloys esekelwe kwi-nickel, iindleko zesixhobo ziphezulu, kwaye iindleko ziphindwe ka-5 ukuya kwe-10 yentsimbi yokugaya.
Akufuneki ukuthetha, ubushushu yeyona nto ibalulekileyo echaphazela ubomi besixhobo xa kugaywa i-nickel-based alloys, kuba nezona zixhobo zibalaseleyo ze-carbide zinokutshatyalaliswa ngobushushu obugqithisileyo. Isizukulwana sobushushu obuphezulu kakhulu asiyongxaki nje yokugaya i-nickel alloys. Ngoko xa usila ezi ngxubevange, kufuneka ubushushu bulawuleke. Ukongezelela, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ixabiso lokushisa eliveliswayo xa umatshini kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo (izixhobo zetsimbi eziphezulu, izixhobo ze-carbide okanye izixhobo ze-ceramic).
Uninzi lomonakalo wesixhobo lukwanxulumene nezinye izinto, kwaye izilungiso ezikumgangatho ophantsi kunye nabaphethe izixhobo zinokubufutshane ubomi besixhobo. Xa ukuqina kwe-workpiece edibeneyo akwanelanga kwaye ukunyakaza kwenzeka ngexesha lokusika, kunokubangela ukuphulwa kwe-matrix ye-carbide ene-cemented. Ngamanye amaxesha amaqhekeza amancinci aphuhliswa ecaleni kwe-cut cut, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha isiqwenga siphula i-carbide insert, okwenza kube nzima ukuqhubeka nokusika. Ngokuqinisekileyo, oku kutyunyuzwa kunokubangelwa yi-carbide enzima kakhulu okanye umthwalo wokusika kakhulu. Ngeli xesha, izixhobo zetsimbi ezikhawulezayo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ukucutshungulwa kokunciphisa ukwenzeka kwe-chipping. Ngokuqinisekileyo, izixhobo zentsimbi ezinesantya esiphezulu azikwazi ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu njenge-carbide enesamente. Ngokuchanekileyo ukuba yeyiphi imathiriyeli enokusetyenziswa kufuneka imiselwe kwimeko nganye.