I-United States, elona lizwe likhulu kwezoqoqosho, lithathe amanyathelo angaphezu kwama-600 ngocalucalulo lokurhweba kwamanye amazwe ukusuka ngo-2008 ukuya ku-2016, kwaye ngaphezulu kwe-100 ngo-2019 kuphela. Ngaphantsi "kobunkokeli" base-United States, ngokutsho kweGlobal Trade Alert database, inani lamanyathelo orhwebo olucalulayo aphunyezwe ngamazwe linyuke ngeepesenti ezingama-80 ngo-2019 xa kuthelekiswa no-2014, kwaye iChina yayilelona lizwe libuhlungu kakhulu ngamanyathelo okhuselo lorhwebo kwi. ihlabathi. Phantsi kweempembelelo zokukhuselwa korhwebo, urhwebo lwehlabathi lwehle lwaya kutsho kwinqanaba elisezantsi phantse kwiminyaka eli-10.
Yamkela uHlaziyo loMgaqo kunye noKhuseleko lwamaLungelo ngamaZiko
NgoDisemba 1997, amazwe awayenenxaxheba kwiNgqungquthela yeZizwe eziManyeneyo ngoTshintsho lweMozulu amkela iSivumelwano saseKyoto. NgoMatshi ka-2001, ulawulo lwasehlathini "lokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi eluhlaza luya kuchaphazela uphuhliso loqoqosho lwase-US" kwaye "amazwe asakhasayo kufuneka athwale izibophelelo kunye nokunciphisa i-greenhouse gas ekukhutshweni kwekhabhoni" njengesingxengxezo sokuchasa ngokupheleleyo uluntu lwamazwe ngamazwe ngokuchasene nokwala ukuvuma. Iprotocol yaseKyoto, eyenza iUnited States njengelizwe lokuqala ukuphuma kwilizwe leKyoto protocol.
NgoJuni 2017, iUnited States yaphinda yaphuma kwiSivumelwano saseParis sokulwa nokutshintsha kwemozulu yehlabathi. Kwintsimi yezoqoqosho kunye norhwebo, ukuze kugcinwe isikhundla sabo esiphezulu kwintsimi yorhwebo, ngoNovemba 14, 2009, ulawulo luka-Obama luye lwazisa ngokusemthethweni ukuba iUnited States iya kubandakanyeka kwi-trans-pacific partnership (TPP) iingxoxo. , kugxininise ukuseta kwinkulungwane yama-21 kwisivumelwano zorhwebo beacon imithetho mulatto, uzama "ukuqala", bypass okanye indawo umbutho wehlabathi yorhwebo (WTO) imithetho, Yakha inkqubo yokusebenza eyinkunzi edlula ukongama kazwelonke.
UMongameli u-Obama akazange athethe: "I-United States ayinakuvumela amazwe afana neTshayina ukuba abhale imithetho yorhwebo lwehlabathi." Nangona ulawulo lwe-Trump luvakalise ukurhoxiswa kwe-United States kwi-TPP emva kokuthatha isikhundla, umgaqo-nkqubo wokulahla i-multilateralism kwaye ugxininise "iMelika kuqala" usabonisa ukuba isimo sengqondo se-United States malunga nemithetho yamazwe ngamazwe asiyi kutshintsha.
Lurch malunga ne-Isolationism kunye noxanduva lweShirk International
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukuba likheswa kuye kwanda kwakhona eUnited States. KuMgaqo-nkqubo Wezangaphandle Uqala Ekhaya: Ukufumana iMelika eKhaya, uRichard Haass, umongameli weBhunga lezoBudlelwane baNgaphandle, wenza ityala elicwangcisiweyo lokunciphisa izibophelelo zamazwe ngamazwe aseMelika, eshiya indima yawo "njengepolisa lehlabathi" kwaye egxile kwiingxaki zoqoqosho nezentlalo. ekhaya. Ukusukela oko wathatha isikhundla, uTrump ubeke udonga kumda wase-US-Mexico, wakhupha "isithintelo sokuya eMexico", kwaye warhoxa kwiSivumelwano saseParis malunga nokutshintsha kwemozulu, zonke zibonisa ukuthambekela kokuzahlula kulawulo olutsha lwase-US.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-05-2022