I-Titanium Alloy Welding
I-alloy yokuqala ye-titanium esebenzayo kuphuhliso oluyimpumelelo lwe-Ti-6Al-4V i-alloy e-United States ngo-1954, ngenxa yokumelana nobushushu, amandla, iplastiki, ukuqina, ukubumba, amandla e-weld, ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye ne-biocompatibility ilungile, kwaye ibe Ingxubevange ye-ace kushishino lwe-titanium alloy, ukusetyenziswa kwe-alloy kubalele i-75% ~ 85% yayo yonke ingxube ye-titanium. Uninzi lwezinye i-titanium alloys zinokubonwa njengohlengahlengiso lwe-alloys ye-Ti-6Al-4V.
Ngeminyaka yee-1950s kunye nee-1960s, ikakhulu yaphuhlisa ubushushu obuphezulu be-titanium alloy ye-aero-injini kunye ne-structural titanium alloy yomzimba. Ngeminyaka yee-1970, kwaphuhliswa ibhetshi ye-titanium enganyangekiyo kwi-alloy. Ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1980s, ingxubevange ye-titanium enganyangekiyo kwi-corrosion kunye ne-alloy ye-titanium yamandla aphezulu yaphuhliswa ngakumbi. Ubushushu benkonzo ye-titanium alloy ekwazi ukumelana nobushushu bunyukile ukusuka kuma-400℃ ngoo-1950 ukuya kuma-600 ~ 650℃ ngeminyaka yee-1990.
Ukubonakala kwe-A2 (Ti3Al) kunye ne-r (TiAl) i-alloys yesiseko yenza i-titanium kwi-injini ukusuka ekupheleni okubandayo kwe-injini (i-fan kunye ne-compressor) ukuya ekupheleni okushushu kwe-injini (i-turbine). Ulwakhiwo lwe-titanium alloys lukhula lusiya kumandla aphezulu, iplastiki ephezulu, ukomelela okuphezulu, ukuqina okuphezulu, imodyuli ephezulu kunye nokunyamezela umonakalo omkhulu. Ukongeza, ii-alloys zeememori zemilo ezifana ne-Ti-Ni, i-Ti-Ni-Fe kunye ne-Ti-Ni-Nb ziye zaphuhliswa ukususela ngo-1970 kwaye zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinjineli.
Okwangoku, amakhulu e-titanium alloys aphuhlisiwe kwihlabathi, kunye ne-20 ukuya kwi-30 ye-alloys edume kakhulu, njenge-Ti-6Al-4V, i-Ti-5Al-2.5Sn, i-Ti-2Al-2.5Zr, i-Ti-32Mo, Ti-Mo-Ni, Ti-Pd, SP-700, Ti-6242, Ti-10-5-3, Ti-1023, BT9, BT20, IMI829, IMI834, njl.I-Titanium yi-isomer, indawo yokunyibilika yi-1668℃ , ngaphantsi kwe-882℃ kulwakhiwo olushinyeneyo lweletileti enehexagonal, ebizwa αtitanium; Ngaphezulu kwe-882℃, i-cubic lettice ephakathi komzimba ephakathi ibizwa ngokuba yi-β-titanium.
Ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo zezi zakhiwo zimbini zingentla ze-titanium, izinto ezifanelekileyo zokudibanisa zongezwa ukwenza ubushushu benguqu yesigaba kunye nomxholo wesahlulo sesigaba se-titanium alloys sitshintshe ngokuthe ngcembe ukufumana i-titanium alloys enezicubu ezahlukeneyo. Kwiqondo lokushisa kwegumbi, i-titanium alloy ineentlobo ezintathu zesakhiwo se-matrix, i-titanium alloy yahlulahlulwe ngamacandelo amathathu alandelayo: i-alloy α, (α + β) i-alloy kunye ne-β alloy. I-China imelwe yi-TA, TC kunye ne-TB.I-alloy yesigaba esisodwa esakhiwe ngesisombululo esiqinileyo se-α-phase, nokuba kubushushu obuqhelekileyo okanye kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu lesicelo, yisigaba se-α, isakhiwo esizinzileyo, ukuxhathisa ukunxiba kuphezulu kune-titanium ecocekileyo, ukuxhathisa okunamandla kwe-oxidation. Ngaphantsi kobushushu be-500 ℃ ~ 600 ℃, amandla ayo kunye nokuxhathisa kwe-creep kusagcinwe, kodwa ayinakomelezwa ngonyango lobushushu, kwaye amandla ayo kwiqondo lokushisa alikho phezulu.