Kukho iindidi ezimbini ze-titanium ore emhlabeni, enye yi-rutile kwaye enye yi-ilmenite.I-Rutile isisiseko seminerali ecocekileyo equkethe ngaphezu kwe-90% ye-titanium dioxide, kunye nomxholo wesinyithi kunye nekhabhoni kwi-ilmenite ngokusisiseko sisiqingatha nesiqingatha.
Okwangoku, indlela yoshishino yokulungiselela i-titanium kukubuyisela ii-athomu ze-oksijini kwi-titanium dioxide kunye negesi ye-chlorine ukwenza i-titanium chloride, kwaye emva koko isebenzise i-magnesium njenge-arhente yokunciphisa ukunciphisa i-titanium.I-titanium eveliswa ngolu hlobo ifana nesiponji, ikwabizwa ngokuba sisiponji titanium.
Isiponji se-Titanium sinokwenziwa kuphela kwii-titanium ingots kunye neepleyiti ze-titanium zokusetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso emva kweenkqubo ezimbini zokunyibilikisa.Ngoko ke, nangona umxholo we-titanium ubeka indawo yesithoba emhlabeni, ukucubungula kunye nokucocwa kunzima kakhulu, ngoko ixabiso layo liphezulu.
Okwangoku, ilizwe elinezona zixhobo zininzi ze-titanium emhlabeni yi-Australia, ilandelwa yi-China.Ukongeza, iRussia, iIndiya kunye ne-United States nazo zinezixhobo ezininzi ze-titanium.Kodwa i-titanium ore yaseTshayina ayikho kwinqanaba eliphezulu, ngoko ke kusafuneka ingeniswe kumazwe angaphandle ngobuninzi.
Ishishini leTitanium, ubuqaqawuli beSoviet Union
Ngowe-1954, iBhunga labaPhathiswa baseSoviet Union lenza isigqibo sokudala ishishini le-titanium, yaye ngowe-1955, kwakhiwa umzi-mveliso weVSMPO we-magnesium-titanium oziitoni eziliwaka.Ngo-1957, i-VSMPO yadityaniswa nomzi-mveliso wezixhobo zomoya we-AVISMA yaza yaseka iVSMPO-AVISMA titanium industry consortium, eyi-Avi Sima Titanium edumileyo.Ishishini le-titanium kwindawo eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union belikwisikhundla esiphambili ehlabathini ukususela ekusekweni kwalo, kwaye lizuzwe ngokupheleleyo yiRashiya de kube ngoku.
I-Avisma Titanium okwangoku yeyona inkulu yehlabathi, inkqubo yoshishino epheleleyo yetitanium alloy body processing.Lishishini elidityanisiweyo ukusuka ekunyibilikeni kwemathiriyeli ekrwada ukuya kwimathiriyeli ye-titanium egqityiweyo, kunye nokuveliswa kweendawo ezinkulu ze-titanium.I-Titanium inzima kunentsimbi, kodwa i-thermal conductivity yayo yi-1/4 kuphela yentsimbi kunye ne-1/16 ye-aluminium.Kwinkqubo yokusika, ukushisa akulula ukutshabalalisa, kwaye akulula kakhulu kwizixhobo kunye nezixhobo zokusebenza.Ngokwesiqhelo, iialloyi zetitanium zenziwa ngokongeza ezinye izinto zomkhondo kwi-titanium ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo.
Ngokweempawu ze-titanium, indawo eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union yenza iindidi ezintathu zengxubevange yetitanium ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo.Enye yeyokulungisa iipleyiti, enye yeyokulungisa iinxalenye, kwaye enye yeyemibhobho yokucubungula.Ngokutsho kokusetyenziswa okuhlukeneyo, izinto ze-titanium zaseRashiya zahlulwe zibe yi-490MPa, 580MPa, 680MPa, i-780MPa amabakala amandla.Okwangoku, i-40% yeengxenye ze-titanium ze-Boeing kunye ne-60% yezinto ze-titanium ze-Airbus zibonelelwa yiRashiya.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-24-2022